ubuntu 的一些坑

防火墙知识

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- 安装:sudo apt-get install ufw
- 查看状态:sudo ufw status
- 开启/关闭:sudo ufw enable | disable
- 默认允许/禁止:sudo ufw default allow | deny
- 允许/禁止:sudo ufw allow|deny 服务 | port,如:sudo ufw deny 22
- 移除规则:sudo ufw delete deny 22
- 允许范围端口:sudo ufw allow 5901:5999/tcp

ubuntu — apt-get install的时候提示unable to locate package

由于ubuntu镜像一般默认自带的都是us的官方源http://us.archive.ubuntu.com,和http://security.ubuntu.com。这些镜像源的地址在中国大多数难以连接,因此需要换国内的源,国内的源有网易源、阿里源、科大源等等,替换阿里源。

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sudo su     #输入密码
cd /etc/apt  #切换到apt源文件
mv  sources.list sources.list_bak  #备份源文件
vim sources.list  #新建一个,然后将下面的内容copy进去
  • 替换全部为一下内容
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# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
  • 保存,然后执行
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sudo apt-get update

xshell 连接 ubuntu

如果没安装 ssh 服务 会报错 Could not connect to ‘192.168.216.152’ (port 22): Connection failed.

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sudo apt-get install openssh-service
或者
1. sudo apt update
2. sudo apt upgrade
3. sudo apt install -y openssh-server
  • 测试
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ssh localhost

VI时,方向键按下去后变成ABCD,删除键无效(重新安装)

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sudo apt-get remove vim-common
sudo apt-get install vim