关于java：尝试将AndroidJUnit4与标准JUnit运行器和委托运行器\\’org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner \\’配合使用

Attempted to use AndroidJUnit4 with standard JUnit runner and delegate runner 'org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner'could not be loaded

我正在使用espresso进行一些测试，但是我不知道为什么该错误包含了roboelectric，因为测试仅针对浓缩咖啡，以下是错误：

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java.lang.Exception: Attempted to use AndroidJUnit4 with standard JUnit runner and delegate runner 'org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner'could not be loaded. Check your build configuration.
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.loadRunner(AndroidJUnit4.java:89)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.loadRunner(AndroidJUnit4.java:63)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.<init>(AndroidJUnit4.java:57)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:343)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.AndroidRunnerBuilder.runnerForClass(AndroidRunnerBuilder.java:153)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestLoader.doCreateRunner(TestLoader.java:73)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestLoader.getRunnersFor(TestLoader.java:104)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestRequestBuilder.build(TestRequestBuilder.java:789)
at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.buildRequest(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:543)
at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:386)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2145)

我关注了意式浓缩咖啡的文档，发现一切都很好。可能是什么问题：

下面是我的gradle文件：

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apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'jacoco'

jacoco {
toolVersion ="0.7.6.201602180812"
}

tasks.withType(Test) {
jacoco.includeNoLocationClasses = true
}

task jacocoTestReport(type: JacocoReport, dependsOn: ['testDebugUnitTest', 'createDebugCoverageReport']) {

reports {
xml.enabled = true
html.enabled = true
}

def fileFilter = ['**/R.class', '**/R$*.class', '**/BuildConfig.*', '**/Manifest*.*', '**/*Test*.*', 'android/**/*.*']
def debugTree = fileTree(dir:"$project.buildDir/intermediates/classes/debug", excludes: fileFilter)
def mainSrc ="$project.projectDir/src/main/java"

sourceDirectories = files([mainSrc])
classDirectories = files([debugTree])
executionData = fileTree(dir: project.buildDir, includes: [
'jacoco/testDebugUnitTest.exec', 'outputs/code-coverage/connected/*coverage.ec'
])
}

android {

adbOptions {
timeOutInMs 60 * 1000
}

compileSdkVersion 28
defaultConfig {
applicationId"com.levelapp.converge.convergelevelapp"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName"1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner"androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
debug {
testCoverageEnabled true
}

release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}

testOptions {
animationsDisabled true

unitTests {
includeAndroidResources = true
}

unitTests.all {
jacoco {
includeNoLocationClasses = true
}
}
}
}

dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:exifinterface:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
implementation 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'
androidTestUtil 'com.android.support.test:orchestrator:1.0.2-alpha1'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:3.7.1'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.5.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.koushikdutta.ion:ion:2.+'
implementation 'com.mikhaellopez:circularimageview:3.2.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'

androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.1.0'

androidTestImplementation('com.android.support:multidex-instrumentation:1.0.1') {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'multidex'
}

}

然后下面是正在运行的测试：

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@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> activity = new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

@Test
public void loadRecyclerview(){

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.rv)).
perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(0, ViewActions.click()));

Espresso.onView(withId(R.id.text))
.check(matches(withText("k33too")))
.check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}

可能是什么问题？