向Angular HttpClient添加HTTP标头不发送标头,为什么?

Adding a HTTP header to the Angular HttpClient doesn't send the header, why?

这是我的代码:

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import { HttpClient, HttpErrorResponse, HttpHeaders } from '@angular/common/http';
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logIn(username: string, password: string) {
    const url = 'http://server.com/index.php';
    const body = JSON.stringify({username: username,
                                 password: password});
    const headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json; charset=utf-8');
    this.http.post(url, body, {headers: headers}).subscribe(
        (data) => {
            console.log(data);
        },
        (err: HttpErrorResponse) => {
            if (err.error instanceof Error) {
                console.log('Client-side error occured.');
            } else {
                console.log('Server-side error occured.');
            }
        }
    );
}

和这里的网络调试:

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Request Method:POST
Status Code:200 OK
Accept:application/json, text/plain, */*
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Cache-Control:no-cache
Connection:keep-alive
Content-Length:46
Content-Type:text/plain

和数据存储在"请求有效负载"中,但在我的服务器中未收到POST值:

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print_r($_POST);
Array
(
)

我相信错误来自于POST期间未设置的标头,我怎么做错了?


新的HttpHeader类的实例是不可变的对象。调用类方法将返回一个新实例作为结果。因此,基本上,您需要执行以下操作:

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let headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers = headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json; charset=utf-8');

要么

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const headers = new HttpHeaders({'Content-Type':'application/json; charset=utf-8'});

更新:添加多个标题

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let headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers = headers.set('h1', 'v1').set('h2','v2');

要么

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const headers = new HttpHeaders({'h1':'v1','h2':'v2'});

更新:接受HttpClient标头和参数的对象映射

由于5.0.0-beta.6现在可以跳过HttpHeaders对象的创建,而直接将对象映射作为参数传递。因此,现在可以执行以下操作:

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http.get('someurl',{
   headers: {'header1':'value1','header2':'value2'}
});


要添加多个参数或标题,您可以执行以下操作:

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constructor(private _http: HttpClient) {}

//....

const url = `${environment.APP_API}/api/request`;

let headers = new HttpHeaders().set('header1', hvalue1); // create header object
headers = headers.append('header2', hvalue2); // add a new header, creating a new object
headers = headers.append('header3', hvalue3); // add another header

let params = new HttpParams().set('param1', value1); // create params object
params = params.append('param2', value2); // add a new param, creating a new object
params = params.append('param3', value3); // add another param

return this._http.get(url, { headers: headers, params: params })


在您的http请求中设置如下的http标头

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return this.http.get(url, { headers: new HttpHeaders({'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + token})
 });

我为此苦了很长时间。我正在使用Angular 6,发现

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let headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers = headers.append('key', 'value');

不工作。但是工作是

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let headers = new HttpHeaders().append('key', 'value');

做到了,当您意识到它们是不可变的时,这才有意义。因此,创建标头后,您将无法添加标头。我没有尝试过,但是我怀疑

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let headers = new HttpHeaders();
let headers1 = headers.append('key', 'value');

也会工作。


我当时使用的是Angular 8,唯一对我有用的是:

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  getCustomHeaders(): HttpHeaders {
    const headers = new HttpHeaders()
      .set('Content-Type', 'application/json')
      .set('Api-Key', 'xxx');
    return headers;
  }

在手册(https://angular.io/guide/http)中,我读到:
HttpHeaders类是不可变的,因此每个set()返回一个新实例并应用更改。

以下代码对我适用于angular-4:

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 return this.http.get(url, {headers: new HttpHeaders().set('UserEmail', email ) });

在我的遗留应用程序中,原型js的Array.from与angular的Array.from冲突,导致了此问题。我通过保存angular的Array.from版本并在原型加载后重新分配来解决它。


具有错误处理和自定义标头的Angular 8 HttpClient服务示例

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    import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
    import { HttpClient, HttpHeaders, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
    import { Student } from '../model/student';
    import { Observable, throwError } from 'rxjs';
    import { retry, catchError } from 'rxjs/operators';

    @Injectable({
      providedIn: 'root'
    })
    export class ApiService {

      // API path
      base_path = 'http://localhost:3000/students';

      constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }

      // Http Options
      httpOptions = {
        headers: new HttpHeaders({
          'Content-Type': 'application/json'
        })
      }

      // Handle API errors
      handleError(error: HttpErrorResponse) {
        if (error.error instanceof ErrorEvent) {
          // A client-side or network error occurred. Handle it accordingly.
          console.error('An error occurred:', error.error.message);
        } else {
          // The backend returned an unsuccessful response code.
          // The response body may contain clues as to what went wrong,
          console.error(
            `Backend returned code ${error.status}, ` +
            `body was: ${error.error}`);
        }
        // return an observable with a user-facing error message
        return throwError(
          'Something bad happened; please try again later.');
      };


      // Create a new item
      createItem(item): Observable<Student> {
        return this.http
          .post<Student>(this.base_path, JSON.stringify(item), this.httpOptions)
          .pipe(
            retry(2),
            catchError(this.handleError)
          )
      }

      ....
      ....

enter image description here

在此处查看完整的示例教程