关于macos：Homebrew没有将gcc 5.3链接到/ usr / local / bin / gcc（OS X 10.11.4 El Capitan）

Homebrew does not link gcc 5.3 to /usr/local/bin/gcc (OS X 10.11.4 El Capitan)

我刚把我的Mac Book Pro更新为El Capitan(10.11.4)，GCC 5.2坏了，所以我使用自制安装了GCC 5.3.0，但新的编译器没有链接到/usr/local/bin/gcc。相反，它与/usr/local/bin/gcc-5相连。同样，所有相关的命令(g++，gcc ar，gcc ranlib，…)现在都附加了"-5"，而普通gcc系列w/o"-5"仍然链接到5.2。

有没有办法强迫自制连接到普通GCC？

现在我安装了5.3，我不再需要5.2了。但是，将5.3链接重新链接到'-5'名称，因此我使用一个简短的Perl脚本将5.3版链接到普通的gcc(即不带'-5'后缀)。我发现问题并不是GCC 5.2坏了，而是在el capit_n下，GCC(5.2&5.3)和ld默认不搜索/usr/local/lib和/usr/local/include。它们必须分别明确地包含在环境变量库_path和cplus_include_path中。此外，ld不是GNU版本，因此忽略ld_库_路径。下面是代码。因为它是(我希望)一个一次性的脚本，所以我硬编码了一些变量，这些变量可能是命令行选项，以便更广泛地使用。

如果代码不清楚，请告诉我(我不会感到惊讶)

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#!/usr/bin/perl
# relink_gcc unlinks the old gcc and links the current version
#
# SYNOPSIS:
# cd /usr/local/bin
# relink_gcc
#
# DESCRIPTION:
# Homebrew installs gcc version 5.X as gcc-5. All other components
# of the Gnu Compiler Collection are installed with the '-5' suffix.
# E.g. g++-5, c++-5, ... However, I prefer to have the names w/o
# the '-5' suffix so I can use the same Makefiles on different
# computers. This program changes the links from the plain gcc
# (and its family) to point to the most recent gcc version.
# Because 'darwin' also changes version, the program changes the
# version of programs with 'darwin' in their names to the current
# version. The gcc and darwin versions are currently hardcoded.
#
# CAVEAT:
# Make a backup of /usr/local/bin and /usr/local/Cellar before
# using this script

use strict;
use warnings;

my @gcc_5_list = glob('*-5');

print"found $#gcc_5_list files ending in '-5'
";

my $new_darwin_version ="15.4.0";

foreach my $file (@gcc_5_list){
if (! -l $file){
print"$file is not a symbolic link
";
next;
}
my $plain = $file;
# ..Get rid of the '-5' at the end
$plain =~ s/-5$//;
# ..If the file exists but is not a link, leave it alone.
if (-e $plain && (! -l $plain )){
print"$plain is not a link
";
next;
}
# ..File pointed to by '$file'
my $orig = readlink($file);
# # # print"$file -> $orig
";

# __Change versions to current ones
# ..Gnu compiler collection version
$orig =~ s/5\.2\.0/5.3.0/g;
# ..Apple Darwin version
$orig =~ s/(darwin)\d{2}\.\d\.\d/$1$new_darwin_version/;

# ..Skip non-existent files
if (! -e $orig){
print"\t$orig does not exist. Skip!
";
next;
}
# ..If the '$plain' file exists, remove it before linking
if (-e $plain ){
# # # print"\tWould remove $plain
";
# # # print"\tunlink $plain
";
unlink $plain;
}
else {
# # # print"\t$plain does not exist would create
";
}
# ..Finally! link the new version
symlink $orig, $plain;

}