关于rails上的ruby：rake db：使用postgresql创建抛出“数据库不存在”错误


rake db:create throws “database does not exist” error with postgresql

我在Debian 7下使用rails 4.1.5和postgresql 9.1，我无法在我的开发环境中创建数据库。 我跑的时候

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bin/rake db:CREATE

我明白了

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home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:898:IN `rescue in connect': FATAL:  database"direct-dev" does not exist
Run `$ bin/rake db:CREATE db:migrate` to create your database (ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError)
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:888:in `CONNECT'
from ...

我正在尝试创建数据库，因此，它自然不存在。 但是rails应该创建它...这是我的config / database.yml：

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DEFAULT: &DEFAULT
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  pool: 5

development:
  <<: *DEFAULT
  DATABASE: direct-dev

这是postgresql日志的一部分：

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2014-09-01 19:30:40 CEST LOG:  connection received: host=[LOCAL]
2014-09-01 19:30:40 CEST LOG:  connection authorized: USER=rs DATABASE=direct-dev
2014-09-01 19:30:40 CEST FATAL:  DATABASE"direct-dev" does NOT exist

你有什么指针吗？ 我已经在这一个多小时了，仍然无法理解为什么会发生这种情况......

谢谢！

相关讨论

Rails 4.1附带弹簧预载器，和

New Rails 4.1 applications will ship with"springified" binstubs. This means that bin/rails and bin/rake will automatically take advantage of preloaded spring environments.

这意味着"弹性"bin/rake将尝试预加载应用程序，而app又会尝试运行启动程序，从而导致您遇到的问题。

要修复/解决此问题，您需要在没有弹簧的情况下运行初始设置rake任务。实现这一目标的一种方法是使用bundler运行它：

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bundle EXEC rake db:CREATE
相关讨论

我发现了这个问题......

它与Rails初始化器有关：Rails似乎在执行bin/rake db:create之前加载所有初始化器。

并且，在这个特定的应用程序中，有一些自定义初始化程序依赖于ActiveRecord模型(反过来，它依赖于正在创建的数据库，可用的数据库和相应的表)。

因此rake永远不会实际执行任务，它在执行初始化程序时失败。我应该知道我是否仔细阅读了完整的错误消息日志。这是完整的日志(见下文，粗体，有问题的行)：

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/home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:898:IN `rescue in connect': FATAL:  database"ds-dev" does not exist
Run `$ bin/rake db:CREATE db:migrate` to create your database (ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError)
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:888:in `CONNECT'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:568:in `initialize'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:IN `new'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `postgresql_connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:435:in `new_connection'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:445:IN `checkout_new_connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:416:in `acquire_connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:351:in `block in checkout'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:IN `mon_synchronize'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:350:in `checkout'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in `block in connection'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:IN `mon_synchronize'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:264:in `connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:541:in `retrieve_connection'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:IN `retrieve_connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.5/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:209:in `table_exists?'
FROM /home/rs/pr/ds/app/models/property.rb:32:IN `get'
from /home/rs/pr/ds/config/initializers/custom/setup_mail.rb:3:in `'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:IN `block in load'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:648:IN `block in load_config_initializer'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:647:in `load_config_initializer'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:612:IN `block (2 levels) in '
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in `each'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in `block in '
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:IN `instance_exec'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:226:IN `block in tsort_each'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in `block (2 levels) IN each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:418:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:427:IN `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:417:in `block IN each_strongly_connected_component_from'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:IN `tsort_each_child'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in `CALL'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:IN `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `call'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:IN `each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:224:in `tsort_each'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:IN `run_initializers'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.5/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in `initialize!'
from /home/rs/pr/ds/config/environment.rb:5:in `'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:IN `require'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block IN require'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:IN `require'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:140:in `serve'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:128:IN `block in run'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `loop'
from /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `run'
FROM /home/rs/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:18:IN `'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /home/rs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
FROM -e:1:IN `'

我将努力重构代码，以摆脱初始化程序中的任何模型依赖(我非常确定它一定是一个非常糟糕的做法)。

相关讨论

您可以尝试运行此命令 -

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bin/rake db:CREATE RAILS_ENV=development

或者这个命令 -

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bin/rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=development
相关讨论

没有一个解决方案适合我，但这对我有用。

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$ brew services list
$ brew services restart postgresql

今天有同样的问题(在OS X中)。

解决：

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psql -U postgres
CREATE ROLE rolename WITH CREATEDB LOGIN;

使用\du检查是否已创建。

使用\password rolename为该用户/角色创建密码。

然后，您可以使用bundle exec rake db:migrate设置数据库

没有一个解决方案适合我，但后来我看到一些答案提到预加载是问题的一部分。我意识到我有
在development.rb中。我将其更改为false并解决了问题。

我看到两个问题，因为is04指出你在database.yml中可能至少需要一个username值。

您还需要创建postgres角色：

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su - postgres
CREATE ROLE direct-dev WITH createdb login password 'password1'
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