具有基本身份验证的Android OkHttp

Android OkHttp with Basic Authentication

我将OkHttp库用于新项目,其易用性给我留下了深刻的印象。 我现在需要使用基本身份验证。 不幸的是,缺少示例代码。 我正在寻找一个示例,当遇到HTTP 401标头时如何将用户名/密码凭据传递给OkAuthenticator。 我查看了这个答案:

使用基本HTTP身份验证改进POST请求:"无法重试流式HTTP正文"

但这并没有使我走得太远。 OkHttp github存储库上的示例也没有基于身份验证的示例。 有没有人有要点或其他代码示例来指导我正确的方向? 感谢你的协助!


okhttp3的更新代码:

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import okhttp3.Authenticator;
import okhttp3.Credentials;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import okhttp3.Route;

public class NetworkUtil {

private final OkHttpClient.Builder client;

{
    client = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
    client.authenticator(new Authenticator() {
        @Override
        public Request authenticate(Route route, Response response) throws IOException {
            if (responseCount(response) >= 3) {
                return null; // If we've failed 3 times, give up. - in real life, never give up!!
            }
            String credential = Credentials.basic("name","password");
            return response.request().newBuilder().header("Authorization", credential).build();
        }
    });
    client.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    client.writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    client.readTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

private int responseCount(Response response) {
    int result = 1;
    while ((response = response.priorResponse()) != null) {
        result++;
    }
    return result;
}

}


这是更新的代码:

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client.setAuthenticator(new Authenticator() {
  @Override
  public Request authenticate(Proxy proxy, Response response) throws IOException {
    String credential = Credentials.basic("scott","tiger");
    return response.request().newBuilder().header("Authorization", credential).build();
  }

  @Override
  public Request authenticateProxy(Proxy proxy, Response response) throws IOException {
    return null;
  }
})


正如@agamov指出的那样:

The aforementioned solution has one drawback: httpClient adds
authorization headers only after receiving 401 response

@agamov建议然后"手动"向每个请求添加身份验证头,但是有一个更好的解决方案:使用Interceptor

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import java.io.IOException;
import okhttp3.Credentials;
import okhttp3.Interceptor;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class BasicAuthInterceptor implements Interceptor {

    private String credentials;

    public BasicAuthInterceptor(String user, String password) {
        this.credentials = Credentials.basic(user, password);
    }

    @Override
    public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
        Request request = chain.request();
        Request authenticatedRequest = request.newBuilder()
                    .header("Authorization", credentials).build();
        return chain.proceed(authenticatedRequest);
    }

}

然后,只需将拦截器添加到您将用于发出所有已认证请求的OkHttp客户端即可:

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OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
    .addInterceptor(new BasicAuthInterceptor(username, password))
    .build();


上述解决方案有一个缺点:
httpClient仅在收到401响应后才添加授权标头。
这是我与api-server的通讯样子:
enter image description here

如果您需要为每个请求使用basic-auth,则最好将auth-header添加到每个请求中,或使用如下的包装方法:

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private Request addBasicAuthHeaders(Request request) {
    final String login ="your_login";
    final String password ="p@s$w0rd";
    String credential = Credentials.basic(login, password);
    return request.newBuilder().header("Authorization", credential).build();
}


尝试使用OkAuthenticator:

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client.setAuthenticator(new OkAuthenticator() {
  @Override public Credential authenticate(
      Proxy proxy, URL url, List<Challenge> challenges) throws IOException {
    return Credential.basic("scott","tiger");
  }

  @Override public Credential authenticateProxy(
      Proxy proxy, URL url, List<Challenge> challenges) throws IOException {
    return null;
  }
});

更新:

重命名为Authenticator


Okhttp3具有base 64身份验证

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String endpoint ="https://www.example.com/m/auth/"
String username ="user123";
String password ="12345";
String credentials = username +":" + password;

final String basic =
       "Basic" + Base64.encodeToString(credentials.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);
Request request = new Request.Builder()
        .url(endpoint)
        .header("Authorization", basic)
        .build();


OkHttpClient client = SomeUtilFactoryClass.buildOkhttpClient();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
...


有人要求提供Kotlin版本的拦截器。这是我想出的,效果很好:

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        val client = OkHttpClient().newBuilder().addInterceptor { chain ->
        val originalRequest = chain.request()

        val builder = originalRequest.newBuilder()
                .header("Authorization", Credentials.basic("ausername","apassword"))
        val newRequest = builder.build()
        chain.proceed(newRequest)
    }.build()


就我而言,仅当我将授权集成到标头(OkHttp版本4.0.1)中时,它才起作用:

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Request request = new Request.Builder()
    .url("www.url.com/api")
    .addHeader("Authorization", Credentials.basic("username","password"))
    .build();

Request response = client.newCall(request).execute();

我注意到在Android上使用某些服务器API(例如django)时,您应该在令牌中添加一个单词

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Request request = new Request.Builder()
    .url(theUrl)
    .header("Authorization","Token 6utt8gglitylhylhlfkghriyiuy4fv76876d68")
    .build();

,其中有问题的词是"令牌"。总体而言,您应该仔细查看那些特定服务器API的规则,以了解如何撰写请求。


在OkHttp3中,您可以通过添加authenticator()方法来对OkHttpClient本身设置授权。在原始呼叫返回401响应后,the authenticator()添加Authorization标头

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 new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .connectTimeout(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
        .readTimeout(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
        .authenticator(new Authenticator() {
           @Nullable
           @Override
           public Request authenticate(@NonNull Route route, @NonNull Response response) {
             if (response.request().header(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION) != null)
               return null;  //if you've tried to authorize and failed, give up

             String credential = Credentials.basic("username","pass");
             return response.request().newBuilder().header(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, credential).build();
          }
        })
        .build();

尽管这样做更安全,但是如果您不想首先对所有401请求进行垃圾邮件处理,则可以使用一种称为"预身份验证"的方法,在该方法中,发送Authorization标头开始于您的请求

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String credentials = Credentials.basic("username","password");
Request httpRequest = new Request.Builder()
                 .url("some/url")
                 .header("content-type","application/json")
                 .header(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, credentials)
                 .build();

所有答案都很好,但是没有人说过,对于某些请求内容类型是必需的,您应该像这样向您的请求添加内容类型:

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Request request = new Request.Builder()
        .url(url)
        .addHeader("content-type","application/json")
        .post(body)
        .build();

如果不添加它,则会收到未授权消息,并且会浪费大量时间来修复它。


这是OkHttp Client的代码段:

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  OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
               .authenticator(new Authenticator() {
              @Override public Request authenticate(Route route, Response
   response) throws IOException {
                   if (response.request().header("Authorization") != null) {
                      return null; // Give up, we've already attempted to
   authenticate.
                   }

                  System.out.println("Authenticating for response:" + response);
                  System.out.println("Challenges:" + response.challenges());
                   String credential = Credentials.basic(username, password);
                   return response.request().newBuilder()
                           .header("Authorization", credential)
                           .build();
               }
           }) .build();

立即提出要求。基本身份验证将继续进行,因为客户端已经拥有了。

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    Request request = new Request.Builder().url(JIRAURI+"/issue/"+key).build();
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                   public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                       System.out.println("onFailure:"+e.toString());
                    }

                @Override
                public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("onResponse:"+response.body().string());

                }
            });