关于C ++:创建字符串的共享内存向量

Create a shared-memory vector of strings

我正在尝试创建一个类来管理(std)字符串的共享内存向量。

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typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<std::string, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> shmem_allocator;
typedef boost::interprocess::vector<std::string, shmem_allocator> shmem_vector;

shmem_mgr::shmem_mgr() :
    shmem_(create_only, SHMEM_KEY, SHMEM_SIZE),
    allocator_(shmem_.get_segment_manager())
{
    mutex_  = shmem_.find_or_construct<interprocess_mutex>(SHMEM_MUTEX)();
    condition_ = shmem_.find_or_construct<interprocess_condition>(SHMEM_CONDITION)();
    //buffer_ is of type shmem_vector
    buffer_  = shmem_.construct<shmem_vector>(SHMEM_BUFFER_KEY)(allocator_);
}

void shmem_mgr::run() {
    running_ = true;

    while(running_) {
        scoped_lock<interprocess_mutex> lock ( *mutex_ );

        int size = buffer_->size();

        log_.debug() << size <<" queued request(s) found" << std::endl; //LINE 27
        for(int i=0; i<size; i++) {
            log_.debug() << buffer_->at(i); // at() crashes my app
        }

        buffer_->clear(); //so does clear()
        condition_->wait (lock);
    }
}

客户端成功地向向量添加了一个字符串(它也成功地从缓冲区中读取了该字符串以进行调试),管理器(上面的代码)接收到信号(条件变量),并在向量中写入了一个字符串(第27行) ),但是当它尝试通过at()获取该字符串时,应用程序崩溃。

编辑:我已经弄清楚,不可能使用std::string,boost ipc中有一个string容器正好适合这种情况。 这并没有改变我需要向量(boost / std)字符串的事实...

问:如何在共享内存之间传递字符串? 我需要将它们存储在shmem的某个缓冲区(一次可以存储> 1)中,然后在第二个进程中进行提取-这是必需的。 输入始终为std::string,输出始终为std::string,但shmem中的内部表示可能有所不同。


从文档。

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#include <boost/interprocess/managed_shared_memory.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/string.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/allocator.hpp>

int main ()
{
   using namespace boost::interprocess;
   //Typedefs
   typedef allocator<char, managed_shared_memory::segment_manager>
      CharAllocator;
   typedef basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, CharAllocator>
      MyShmString;
   typedef allocator<MyShmString, managed_shared_memory::segment_manager>
      StringAllocator;
   typedef vector<MyShmString, StringAllocator>
      MyShmStringVector;

   //Open shared memory
   //Remove shared memory on construction and destruction
   struct shm_remove
   {
      shm_remove() { shared_memory_object::remove("MySharedMemory"); }
      ~shm_remove(){ shared_memory_object::remove("MySharedMemory"); }
   } remover;

   managed_shared_memory shm(create_only,"MySharedMemory", 10000);

   //Create allocators
   CharAllocator     charallocator  (shm.get_segment_manager());
   StringAllocator   stringallocator(shm.get_segment_manager());

   //This string is in only in this process (the pointer pointing to the
   //buffer that will hold the text is not in shared memory).
   //But the buffer that will hold"this is my text" is allocated from
   //shared memory
   MyShmString mystring(charallocator);
   mystring ="this is my text";

   //This vector is only in this process (the pointer pointing to the
   //buffer that will hold the MyShmString-s is not in shared memory).
   //But the buffer that will hold 10 MyShmString-s is allocated from
   //shared memory using StringAllocator. Since strings use a shared
   //memory allocator (CharAllocator) the 10 buffers that hold
   //"this is my text" text are also in shared memory.
   MyShmStringVector myvector(stringallocator);
   myvector.insert(myvector.begin(), 10, mystring);

   //This vector is fully constructed in shared memory. All pointers
   //buffers are constructed in the same shared memory segment
   //This vector can be safely accessed from other processes.
   MyShmStringVector *myshmvector =
      shm.construct<MyShmStringVector>("myshmvector")(stringallocator);
   myshmvector->insert(myshmvector->begin(), 10, mystring);

   //Destroy vector. This will free all strings that the vector contains
   shm.destroy_ptr(myshmvector);
   return 0;
}


您可以使用boost :: interprocess :: managed_shared_memory。以下程序在两个进程之间传递了boost :: interprocess :: string。在我的计算机(Ubuntu Linux)上可以正常工作。
您可以使用managed_shared_memory传递矢量或对象。 boost :: interprocess :: string具有c_str()方法。

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#include <boost/interprocess/managed_shared_memory.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/string.hpp>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  using namespace boost::interprocess;
  typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<char, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> CharAllocator;
  typedef boost::interprocess::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, CharAllocator> string;
  if(argc == 1){  //Parent process

      boost::interprocess::shared_memory_object::remove("MySharedMemory");

      //Create a shared memory object.
      managed_shared_memory shm (create_only,"MySharedMemory", 1024);

      string *s = shm.find_or_construct<string>("String")("Hello!", shm.get_segment_manager());
      std::cout << *s << std::endl;

      //Launch child process
      std::string s1(argv[0]); s1 +=" child";
      if(0 != std::system(s1.c_str()))
         return 1;
  }
  else{
      //Open already created shared memory object.
      managed_shared_memory shm (open_only,"MySharedMemory");
      std::pair<string *,std::size_t> ret = shm.find<string>("String");
      std::cout << *(ret.first) << std::endl;
  }
  return 0;
}


您需要为共享的stl类使用自定义分配器。您需要在分配器中定义一个基于自我的指针(ACE和boost具有这些指针)。 (连续)共享内存的相反两侧通常位于不同的地址。您还需要一个共享的内存分配子系统(堆管理器)(分配器从中分配)-所有非平凡的低级代码,但是最确定的是可行的,一旦有了它,它便可以在任何地方使用。如果执行所有这些操作,则只需要传递非平坦结构的位移(从(连续!)堆区域的开始)。

您可以创建队列以及可能需要的所有其他内容-只要对象中的"指针"是基于自身的,并且非扁平块中的不连续块来自一个大的连续块即可。

您不能使用std :: string,因为除非您控制分配,否则标准字符串中的内存与共享内存无关(与其他任何stl结构相同)

(通常)必须解决/同意所有权问题