关于rails上的ruby：Postgres无法连接到服务器

Postgres cannot connect to server

超级难过为什么Postgres没有开发我刚刚开始的新应用程序。我已经为一个应用程序工作了。我正在使用postgres.app，它正在运行。

我开始使用新的应用程序

1	rails NEW depot -d postgresql

然后我进入了database.yml文件，并将用户名更改为我的$ USER(这是其他应用程序的工作原理)。所以现在我的database.yml文件有这个开发部分：

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development:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
DATABASE: depot_development
pool: 5
username: <username>
password:

但是，当我运行"rake db：create"或"rake db：create：all"时，我仍然遇到此错误(完整，因为我不知道相关的是什么)：

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Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql","encoding"=>"unicode","database"=>"depot_development","pool"=>5,"username"=>"<username>","password"=>nil}
could not connect to server: Permission denied
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket"/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:in `initialize'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:IN `new'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:in `CONNECT'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:329:in `initialize'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:IN `new'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:309:in `new_connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:319:IN `checkout_new_connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:241:in `block (2 levels) IN checkout'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:236:in `loop'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:236:IN `block in checkout'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:233:in `checkout'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:96:IN `block in connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:95:in `connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:404:IN `retrieve_connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:170:in `retrieve_connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:144:in `connection'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/DATABASES.rake:107:IN `rescue in create_database'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:51:in `create_database'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:40:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/DATABASES.rake:40:IN `each'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:40:in `block (2 levels) IN <top (required)>'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `call'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:IN `block in execute'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `each'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `execute'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:IN `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:IN `invoke'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in `invoke_task'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:IN `each'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block IN top_level'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:IN `top_level'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in `block IN run'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:IN `run'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin/rake:19:in `load'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin/rake:19:IN `<main>'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql","encoding"=>"unicode","database"=>"depot_test","pool"=>5,"username"=>"<username>","password"=>nil}

我试过了

1	createdb depot_development

我已经尝试进入psql环境并列出用户(其中??包括我的用户名)。在同一个psql环境中，我试过了

1	CREATE DATABASE depot;

我已经确保pg gem安装了bundle install，我运行了"pg_ctl start"，我得到了这个响应：

1	pg_ctl: no DATABASE directory specified AND environment variable PGDATA unset

我跑了"ps aux | grep postgres"以确保postgres正在运行，我得到了这个回报(看起来它做得很好，对吧？)：

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<username> 10390 0.4 0.0 2425480 180 s000 R+ 6:15PM 0:00.00 grep postgres
<username> 2907 0.0 0.0 2441604 464 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:02.31 postgres: stats collector process
<username> 2906 0.0 0.0 2445520 1664 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:02.33 postgres: autovacuum launcher process
<username> 2905 0.0 0.0 2445388 600 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:09.25 postgres: wal writer process
<username> 2904 0.0 0.0 2445388 1252 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:12.08 postgres: writer process
<username> 2902 0.0 0.0 2445388 3688 ?? S 6:17PM 0:00.54 /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/postgres -D /Users/<username>/Library/Application Support/Postgres/var -p5432

缺点是，我一直在为WHILE进行故障排除，并且不知道出了什么问题。有任何想法吗？我真的很感激，因为我对Rails很陌生，这是一个非常令人沮丧的障碍。

谢谢！

编辑 - 每个请求，发布成功的database.yml。似乎区别在于包含密码：

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development:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
DATABASE: *******_development
pool: 5
username: *******
password: *******

EDIT2 - 当我在.yml文件中添加密码，然后再次运行rake db：create时，我得到了同样的错误。我正在运行Mac OSX Lion，当我第一次安装PostgreSQL时，我做了initdb和东西。